Metal tubes and plate are cut, bent and joined into the deck the rider stands on and the stem that carries the handlebars. Many models add a folding hinge at the base of the stem.

Copper windings go on a fixed core at the center of the hub, and a ring of permanent magnets, often neodymium, spins around them as the outer shell. That outer shell is the wheel hub itself, so no chain or gears are needed.

Tires go onto steel or aluminum split rims. Wheels usually measure 8 to 11 inches across, and the tires are air-filled, solid, or hollow rubber.

Lithium-ion cells are joined into groups in parallel and strings in series to reach the voltage and current the motor needs. A battery management system watches the cells and balances them while charging, so the weakest cell sets no limit on the rest.

A circuit board with a microcontroller switches current between the motor's windings in sequence to keep it turning, and manages speed and acceleration. It can also run the motor backwards as a generator for regenerative braking.

Disc or magnetic brakes go on the front, rear or both wheels, alongside the electronic braking from the motor. Lights and the throttle are wired to the controller.

Each scooter is powered up to check the throttle, brakes, lights and charging before it is folded and boxed.